Unexplained loss of muscle mass, known as idiopathic sarcopenia, is a concerning condition that can have many potential causes. This involuntary loss of skeletal muscle can happen even with adequate nutrition and exercise. Some potential reasons for unintentional muscle loss include:
- Hormonal imbalances: Dysregulation in hormones like testosterone, growth hormone, cortisol, and insulin can drive excessive muscle breakdown. Getting hormone levels tested can help identify any deficiencies or excesses.
- Inflammation: Chronic, low-grade inflammation often from factors like stress, poor diet, and inactivity sparks muscle loss. Controlling inflammation through lifestyle strategies like regular exercise, stress management, and an anti-inflammatory diet may help.
- Nervous system dysfunction: Issues with motor neurons and nerves can impair muscle maintenance and growth. Neurologic testing can identify any nerve involvement.
- Disease: Certain illnesses like cancer, kidney disease, liver disease, and heart failure are linked with cachexia and loss of muscle. Identifying and managing any underlying condition is key.
- Aging: Age-related loss of muscles and strength known as sarcopenia is common, though the rate varies significantly between individuals based on lifestyle. Staying active helps counteract this.