Estrogen is a key set of sex hormones that play an important role in the female reproductive system. The three major naturally occurring estrogens in women are:
- Estrone
- Estradiol
- Estriol
These hormones are produced mainly by the ovaries and adrenal glands.
What does estrogen do? Here are some of the main functions:
- Plays a vital role in puberty and the development of female secondary sex characteristics like breasts, pubic hair, etc.
- Regulates the menstrual cycle
- Thickens the endometrium (uterine lining) to prepare for pregnancy
- Keeps vagina lubricated and elastic
- Influences bone strength, blood clotting, sleep quality, tissue growth, body fat distribution, etc.
During the menstrual cycle,
estradiol levels peak just before ovulation. If pregnancy occurs, estriol from the placenta helps maintain the endometrium and supports fetal growth.
Menopause occurs when ovarian function declines and estrogen levels decrease permanently.
While estrogen has many important functions, an
excess can increase health risks like certain cancers, blood clots, stroke, etc.
Hormone replacement therapy and medications like birth control pills provide synthetic estrogen to relieve
menopausal symptoms. However, conflicting research makes using them long-term controversial.
In summary, estrogen refers to a group of hormones essential for female sexual development and reproduction. Too much or too little estrogen can cause significant issues, so maintaining the right balance is key for women's health. Visit Renew Wellness for more information.